Tarihin Kasar Zazzau

Tarihin Kasar Zazzau

Alhamdulillah, kamar yadda Hausawa suke cewa rana bata karya . . . jiya na ce zan bada tarihin kasar zazzau, to yau gashi Allah ya nufa, dan haka sai ku biyo ni daga dan abinda na tsakuro.

A salin kasar zazzau angano ta ne a karni na goma sha daya 11, inda wani mutum da ake kira da suna GUNGUMAU ya fara kafa garin a matsayin gari. Inda aka maida wajen wata kasuwa ko mahada ta hada-hadar bayi zuwa sauran kasashen da ke kudu da hamada sahara, ‘yan kasuwa daga kano da katsina sune suke kawo gishiri inda ake basu bayi a matsayin fansar wannan gishiri da suka kawo. Su kuma su daukesu su tafi da su domin su sayar.

Sai dai, kasar Zazzau tana daga cikin kasashen Hausa guda bakwai, wanda Bayajidda ya kafa. Asalin kasashen Hausa wadan da Bayajidda ya kafa kuma ake kiransu da sunan Hausa Bakwai, sune, Kano, Katsina, Daura, Gobir, Rano, Garun Gabas da kuma Zazzau a cikon ta bakwai wadannan sune kasashen Hausa.

Amma kuma a wani kaulin ance Sarki Bakwa Turunku shi ya kafa kasar zazzau, kuma ya baiwa garin sunan karamar ‘yarsa wato zaria. Shi  wannan sarki kamar yadda na fada, Bakwa Turunku daga cikin ‘ya ‘ya guda biyu da yake da su, kuma suka shahara, kuma aka sansu, sune Zariya da Amina wadda aka fi sani da sarauniyar zazzau, da yake kasar zazzau ta fi shahara da sunan Amina dan haka zan maida hankali kacokan kan ita sarauniya Amina.

Sarauniyar  Zazzau Amina, tarihi ya nuna ta rayu daga shekarar 1533 zuwa 1610, ɗaya ce daga cikin ‘ya'ya biyu da sarkin Zazzau Bakwa Turunku ya haifa. Wato ita Amina ɗin da kuma ƙanwarta mai suna Zariya, wadda daga sunanta ne aka samu sunan Zazzau. Amina ta yi sarautar Zazzau bayan rasuwar mahaifinta, daga shekara ta 1509 zuwa 1522, wato shekarunta 13 ke nan akan karagar mulki. Kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta mulki masarautar Zazzau, kuma ta shida a cikin sarakunan haɓe ko Hausa waɗanda sukai mulki bayan Addinin Musulunci ya fara bayyana a ƙasar Zazzau.

Haka kuma, tarihi ya nuna cewa addinin Musulunci ya fara bayyana a kasar zazzau tun kusan karni na sha biyar amma bai bayyana sosai ba sai bayan Jihadin fulani a shekarar 1808. A wannan shekara ne Fulani suka kaddamar da jihadi kuma suka kwace kasar zazzau daga hannun Maguzawa, sarkin zazzau na wancan lokacin da fulani suka kora sai ya koma kasar Abuja, inda ya kafa masarauta a Suleja kuma ake kiransa da sunan Sarkin Zazzau, watakila wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa haryanzu ake da “sarkin zazzau suleja”.

Sarauniya Amina ta shahara matuƙa a ƙasar Hausa da ma yankunan da daular Usmaniyya ta mulka. Ta yi yaƙe-yaƙe a wurare da dama a fadin kasar Hausa. Idan aka ɗauka tun daga Zariya har zuwa ƙasar Abuja akwai ƙananan garuwa da dama da sarauniya Amina ta kafa, sai dai ba masu girma ba ne, saboda kamar dai wurare ne da ta ci zango a wajen.

Dangane da batun waje ko kuma garin da Sarauniya Amina ta rasu, a gaskiya babu tabbas, to amma masana tahiri suna kyautata zaton cewa ta rasu ne a can ƙasar Gara, wato ƙasar Igala kenan wadda yanzu ta ke cikin jihar Kogi, a halin yanzu. Wannan dalili ne ma ya sa ba a san takamaiman inda kabarinta ya ke ba har a yanzu.

Sannan kuma asali ita Amina ba Sarauniya bace ana kiranta ne da sunan MAGAJIYA, domin tun tana shekara 16 mahaifinta Bakwa Turunku ya bata sarautar Magajiya, ko da ta zama sarauniya tana yaki ta cigaba da amsa sunan Magajiya, ance sarkin Nupe shi ne mutumin da ya fara bata sunan Sarauniya ko Gimbiya.

Idan aka koma ga maganar zuriyar sarauniya Amina, a gaskiya abu ne mai wuya ace ga waɗansu da suke zuriyarta ne, tun da agaskiya yadda tarihi ya nuna, sarauniya Amina har ta mutu ba ta yi aure ba. Don haka babu wata shaida dake nuna cewa a ciki ko wajen zazzau, akwai wasu da za a iya cewa zuriyarta ne.

Sannan bayanai sun tabbatar da cewar Sarauniyar zazzau Amina ita ce ta fara shata ganuwar kasar zazzau kamar yadda yake a al’adar kasar Hausa kusan ko wane gari yana da ganuwar da ta kewaye birni wato Badala..

To sai dai duk da cewa, akwai bayanai masu sarƙaƙiya da kuma saɓani na masana tarihi a game da ainahin rayuwar sarauniya Amina, to amma dai magana mafi rinjaye ita ce, Sarauniya Amina ta taɓa wanzuwa a doron ƙasa, a matsayin sarauniya a Zazzau. Duk da wasu suna ganin tarihin sarauniya Amina zuki ta malle ce.

Akwai sarakunan Hausa ko Haɓe guda goma sha takwas (18) da kuma sarakunan Fulani goma sha uku 13. Da kuma sarakunan da suka riski lokacin turawan mulkin mallaka wadan da suka hada da Sulayman wanda ya yi mulki daga watan maris zuwa Afrilu na shekarar 1903 wato wata biyu kacal ya yi a gadan sarauta, daga nan kuma sai Ali ibn Abdulkadir daga 1904 zuwa 1920, daga shi kuma sai Dallatu ibn Uthman Yero wanda ya yi mulki daga 1920 zuwa 1924, sai kuma Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Lawal Kwassau wanda ya yi mulki daga 1924 zuwa 1936, sai Malam Jafar ibn Ishaq daga 1936 zuwa 1959, daga shi sai Muhammadu Al-Amin ibn Uthman 1959 zuwa 1975 daga shi kuma sai sarki mai ci a yanzu wato Alh. Shehu Idirisu daga 1975 zuwa yanzu.

Zazzagawa dai mutane ne manoma sunfi shahara da noman suna noma kayayyakin amfanin gona da suka hada da Doya da Makani da Auduga da sauransu, kuma dai mafiya yawancinsu Gajeru ne ba dogaye ba.

Kasancewar kanawa sunsha basu ruwa a kusan dukkan wata karawa da ake yi a can baya, dan haka ne suke daukar Kanawa a matsayin iyayan gidansu tare da basu girma na musamman, su kuma kanawa saboda karamci suka daukesu a matsayin abokan wasa.

Yasir Ramadan Gwale

yasirramadangwale@gmail.com

http://yasirramadangwale.blogspot.com

www.facebook.com/yasirramadan.gwale